Sometimes a note doesn’t fit on the staff, for example the middle C. We then use one or more ledger lines. Ledger lines are actually very short extensions of the staff with a 6th or even 7th line.

Here’s an overview of all the white keys in the treble clef. There are quite a few!

Sometimes you need a black key in a melody. You can recognize black keys by a special symbol in front of the note. You’ll see a ♯ or a ♭ in front of the note.

In musical language, this symbol ♯ is called a sharp. It may look like a hashtag, but it’s slightly different.

Here you see all black keys from the 1-striped octave (the low octave). There's a sharp in front of every note and a sharp after the name of the original white key, just as with the F.

You’ve learned about the octave before. But the word has yet another meaning. An octave is also the distance from a key to the next key with the same name.

It’s not necessary to always know the name of a note. It is often much easier to see whether notes are next to each other, or whether a place on the staff has been skipped.

Sometimes there are no slurs in a song. Then it’s a good practise to draw them yourself.

You can train your fingers in many different ways within a group of 5 keys on a row. Here are some examples.